Taptic Engine

The Taptic Engine is a component manufactured by Apple that uses to provide users with  to simulate actions, such as clicks on a stationary touch screen.

History
The Taptic Engine was released in April 2015 in the MacBook with Retina display and the Apple Watch, followed by the iPhone 6 S and 6 S Plus in September. The Taptic Engine provides feedback for Force Touch and 3D Touch, later replaced in iPhones by Haptic Touch.

Articles

 * Good Vibrations: How Apple Dominates the Touch Feedback Game by Taylor Dixon at iFixit (2019-05-20)
 * The History of Apple’s Haptics by Cade Hunter at Medium (2020-06-21)
 * Apple file's a Haptic patent related to their Taptic Engine that introduces the use of an "Inductance Sensor" by Jack Purcher at Patently Apple (2021-03-08)