SpringBoard

Springboard, or Home Screen is the standard application that manages the home screen of iOS and iPadOS devices. Other tasks include starting WindowServer, launching and bootstrapping applications and setting some of the device's settings on startup.

A derivative of SpringBoard called Launchpad was introduced in Macs starting with Mac OS X Lion.

Usage
Tap an app icon to launch it. Swipe left or right to switch between Home Screen pages. Tap and hold on an empty area until the apps start wiggling to rearrange or delete apps.

Starting in iOS 13 and iPadOS 13, swiping right past the first page accesses Widgets in Today View.

Starting in iOS 14, swiping left past the last page accesses the App Library. To hide a Home Screen page, tap and hold on an empty area until the apps start wiggling, then tap the page dots at the bottom of the screen.