MPEG-1

MPEG-1 is the first media format defined by the Moving Picture Experts Group for compressed video with audio, optimized for CD-ROM.

Description
MPEG-1 uses (DCT) and  to remove spatially redundant data within a frame and block-based  (MCP) to remove data which is temporally redundant between frames. Audio is compressed using subband encoding. These algorithms allow better than quality video and near CD-quality audio to be compressed onto and streamed from a single speed (1x) CD-ROM drive at about 1.5 Mbps.

Drawbacks
MPEG encoding can introduce blockiness, color bleed and shimmering effects on video and lack of detail and quantization effects on audio.

History
The MPEG-1 specification was published in August 1993 as ISO standard IS-11172 for playback achievable with the throughput of single-speed and  players. A subset of MPEG-1, Audio Layer 3, became the basis of MP3.

Apple first added MPEG-1 support to some 68040-based Macintosh models through an Apple MPEG Media System card, released in July 1995. Software playback of MPEG-1 video became possible on PowerPC Macs with the release of the QuickTime MPEG Extension on January 24, 1997.