EMac

The eMac, short for education Mac, was a Macintosh desktop computer released by Apple in 2002. It was originally aimed at the education market, but was later made available as a cheaper mass market alternative to Apple's iMac G4 with LCD display.

The eMac design resembles the earlier iMac G3. Compared to the first iMac, eMacs feature a PowerPC G4 processor that is significantly faster than the previous PowerPC G3 processors, as well as a 17-inch flat CRT display.

The eMac was pulled from retail on October 12, 2005 and was sold exclusively to educational institutions thereafter. It was finally discontinued by Apple on July 5, 2006 and replaced by a cheaper, low-end iMac that, like the eMac, was originally sold exclusively to educational institutions.

Overview
Apple introduced the eMac in April 2002 as a lower-cost alternative to the recently released second-generation G4-powered iMac (known during its lifespan as "the new iMac", and as iMac G4 after discontinuation). The new iMac's LCD display made it somewhat expensive compared to its G3 predecessor that sported a cheaper CRT display, so the eMac was considered the more affordable upgrade for those looking for more processing power than the first iMac. The eMac was originally intended exclusively for education buyers, but the demand for it was high enough that it was made available for general retail one month later. An optional eMac Tilt and Swivel Stand was also made available.

The eMac featured a 17-inch (430 mm) flat-screen CRT monitor, a PowerPC G4 processor running at 700 or 800 MHz, Nvidia GeForce2 MX graphics, and built-in 18-watt stereo speakers. The retail models were priced at 1,099 and $1,499 which filled the price gap between the $799 iMac G3 and the $1499 iMac G4. Apple discontinued the iMac G3 line in March 2003 but did not fill the "cheap" price point until May 2003, when the eMac line was updated and its price brought down to old iMac levels. That revision brought the processor speed to 800 MHz and 1 GHz and replaced the GeForce2 MX with an ATI Radeon 7500 graphics card.

The eMac was further improved in October 2003, when the 800 MHz model was eliminated and the 1 GHz model was brought down in price. The more expensive 1 GHz model that included a SuperDrive was also made cheaper. This model was notable for being one of the least expensive brand-name computers at the time that could burn DVDs. It was both the last revision of the eMac able to run Apple's OS 9 operating system natively and the last Macintosh model sold that retained this capability.

The next revision to the eMac line came in April 2004, with DDR SDRAM, a faster processor running at 1.25 GHz, and a better ATI Radeon 9200 video chipset. The most recent revision came in May 2005, with an even faster CPU running at 1.42 GHz, improved graphics and larger standard hard disks.

On October 12, 2005, Apple once again restricted sales of the eMac to educational institutions and returned to its "E is for Education" marketing plan that had been attached to the product from the original restriction to education buyers. The company re-implemented this restrictive measure for unspecified reasons. Some analysts believe Apple wanted to force the general public to purchase the more costly Mac mini or iMac which had higher profit margins. Also, the eMac was the only CRT display product left in Apple's lineup which made it somewhat bulky compared to new offerings which had compact form factors due to LCD screens. The falling cost of LCD displays would also gradually bring down the prices of the iMac G5. However, the eMac was still available for sale to the general public through some third-party retailer websites.

On July 5, 2006, the entire eMac line which was discontinued. An "educational configuration" of the iMac Core Duo was introduced that same day, which has a Combo drive rather than a SuperDrive and a smaller hard disk of 80 GB. eMacs natively boot Mac OS 9.2.2 and Mac OS X beginning with OS X 10.1.4. With the exception of some non-SuperDrive-equipped 1 GHz units, models 1 GHz and faster can not boot OS 9, while eMacs slower than 1.0 GHz do not officially support 10.5 (requirements are an 867 MHz G4 with 512 MB ram). No model of eMac can run OS X 10.6 ("Snow Leopard") or higher, because Snow Leopard requires an Intel based processor.

Technical issues
A number of eMac machines have suffered from what was known as "Raster Shift", a strange phenomenon where the bottom third or half of the screen goes black, with the rest of image shifting upward and out of the top boundary of the display. Serious static also accompanies the problem, rendering the viewable part of the screen virtually useless. In response to the problem, Apple offered a solution which involved the replacement of a video cable inside the eMac's case.

In early 2006, some users started to experience system freezes in their second revision eMacs – by now around 18 months old. The fault was found to lie with a bad batch of capacitors which had also caused faults with the iMac G5 and many other brands of electronics, manufactured in a similar time frame. In June 2006 Apple introduced the eMac Repair Program. However, despite relating directly to the capacitor problem, the symptoms listed under the Repair Program do not include "freezing". Apple agreed to extend the warranty for this failure only on any affected eMacs up to 3 years old. However, some users have reported that Apple is accepting eMacs for repair even older than the 3 years stated.